Rupert Hotel December 1989*

Gordon was sorry

but it was tough keeping warm

and he’d had some to drink 

so setting fire to those papers on the floor in the middle 

of his second-floor room made some kind of sense.

At the Rupert Hotel, a three-storey brick walk up 

in a licensed city rooming house 

off Queen Street East 

at Parliament

those with few options and few dollars could exist, 

in a way. 

Gordon’s warming fire soon leapt out of control 

flames and choking smoke filling the corridors 

as the fire gained full possession of the hallways.

The license pinned to the wall wasn’t worth the paper 

it was printed on as far as the protection it afforded 

the 31 tenants at the Rupert

on this wintry December night. 

A sprinkler system might have halted the fire’s progress.

Perhaps tenants could have taken action 

if the alarm system had been operable 

or fire extinguishers stored in the basement were reachable.

It was 17 long minutes before someone called 911.

When firefighters arrived 

the whole building was enveloped. 

Flames leapt out of the top floor windows.

Firefighters using ladders forced their way 

into the searing heat of the second floor.  

Later a witness called it 

“A Vision out of Hell.”

As the fire raged people screamed, crying out for friends.

It took six hours and eighteen crews to subdue the blaze.

Thankfully, some tenants were saved and many escaped. 

For days crews chopped through ice and debris to locate bodies. 

They found nine men. 

A woman had returned to the building to help a friend 

Donna Marie Cann died, as had the others, 

of heavy smoke inhalation.

Soon an inquest was held.

Recommendations were made    

new rules created 

regulations established

housing planned.

After a while all was forgotten.

Rules and regulations lapsed, 

were ignored or opposed 

and the programs ended.

In the city today austerity policies 

compel people to rent rooms 

in perilous and dangerous buildings. 

Many flee the downtown to illegal suburban homes 

where life is cheaper.

*According to the Fire Marshal, there were fires at 69 illegal rooming houses in the Toronto area between 2013 and 2017.

Remember the Rupert Hotel Fire

There is an event in Toronto this week which remembers the Rupert Hotel fire that took ten lives just before Christmas in 1989.

Here are some details of the event.

Over the years I’ve written some pieces on the fire.  for those who don't know the history of this fire check this link 
https://www.hamiltonjustice.ca/blog?post=Rupert+Hotel+Fire+1989+-+What+has+Changed%3F&id=491

I’m afraid that we have really learned much from this terrible tragedy.  Some thoughts:

Rupert Hotel December 1989*

Gordon was sorry

but it was tough keeping warm

and he’d had some to drink 

so setting fire to those papers on the floor in the middle 

of his second-floor room made some kind of sense.

At the Rupert Hotel, a three-storey brick walk up 

in a licensed city rooming house 

off Queen Street East 

at Parliament

those with few options and few dollars could exist, 

in a way. 

Gordon’s warming fire soon leapt out of control 

flames and choking smoke filling the corridors 

as the fire gained full possession of the hallways.

The license pinned to the wall wasn’t worth the paper 

it was printed on as far as the protection it afforded 

the 31 tenants at the Rupert

on this wintry December night. 

A sprinkler system might have halted the fire’s progress.

Perhaps tenants could have taken action 

if the alarm system had been operable 

or fire extinguishers stored in the basement were reachable.

It was 17 long minutes before someone called 911.

When firefighters arrived 

the whole building was enveloped. 

Flames leapt out of the top floor windows.

Firefighters using ladders forced their way 

into the searing heat of the second floor.  

Later a witness called it 

“A Vision out of Hell.”

As the fire raged people screamed, crying out for friends.

It took six hours and eighteen crews to subdue the blaze.

Thankfully, some tenants were saved and many escaped. 

For days crews chopped through ice and debris to locate bodies. 

They found nine men. 

A woman had returned to the building to help a friend 

Donna Marie Cann died, as had the others, 

of heavy smoke inhalation.

Soon an inquest was held.

Recommendations were made    

new rules created 

regulations established

housing planned.

After a while all was forgotten.

Rules and regulations lapsed, 

were ignored or opposed 

and the programs ended.

In the city today austerity policies 

compel people to rent rooms 

in perilous and dangerous buildings. 

Many flee the downtown to illegal suburban homes 

where life is cheaper.

*According to the Fire Marshal, there were fires at 69 illegal rooming houses in the Toronto area between 2013 and 2017.

A leak of  raw sewage into Cootes Paradise in Hamilton has, not surprisingly, caused quite an uproar in the Ambitious City. Citizens are outraged that City Council decided to keep the spill a secret.  Council has the right to keep certain legal matters confidential.  Was it appropriate in this case?  Probably not.  But it is hard to judge when you don't have all the facts that were shared in camera.

Anyway, I've been writing on municipal politics and decided to share a chapter that deals with in camera meetings and Council transparency in the fictional town of Clarovista.   Here it is.   

---------

Receive and File

By Councillor Kenneth Williams

I find land use planning stuff kind of complicated. The reports are like those
instructions for putting together the kid’s Christmas presents in that, while the salient points were repeated so as even the thickest reader can understand them, they always seem sort of back to front to this dim-witted decision maker.

Case in point is tonight’s Planning Report 14-2727-17.

It is dealing with what our staff call redundant park space.

Apparently, we have too much park space in Clarovista.

And we have a policy that if none of our public sector partners want such property, we can sell it off at market value price to whoever wants it. But how does one put a monetary value on parkland? I, for one, have no idea.

This particular “redundant” space is a small parcel of land located along the shoreline of Lake Vista. The property measures about 7.5 acres. I’ve heard it referred to as a passive park.  Such a park allows for the preservation of natural habitat and permits only a low level of development.  The park is well used by families, birders, picnickers and seniors. There are picnic benches and in the summer a Music in the Park program - Vista Voices - draws small but enthusiastic artists and audiences.  J.P Gormley owns an adjacent property. His plans for a hotel/marina/convention centre at that site aren’t going anywhere – or so it seems.

Mayor Martin has been aggressive in pursuing the sale of unneeded municipal assets.  But he hasn’t championed a park sale.  Not until tonight.

There is great public interest in this issue.  The Council Chambers are full and there is an overflow crowd in the Atrium.

The staff report supports a rezoning that would enable a sale but has many, many conditions attached to it - fourteen to be exact.   The report features several appendices, maps with different shadings, asterisks here and there and a suggestion for a holding zone.

In my view, the person who would purchase this property with all these conditions is the kind of guy who would invest in a Trump Tower in Bathurst Inlet. I mean no one is going to buy it.

The report is under discussion.

It seems my colleagues are interested in calling the vote and as it stands now the sale of the parkland will not happen.

For his part, Mayor Martin is not smiling tonight.  He asks to go in camera.

The public is never happy to see Councillors go behind closed doors.  However, the Municipal Act lays out clear situations where in camera meetings are allowed.

In this case, as our discussion relates “to a proposed or pending acquisition or disposition of land by the municipality or local board” an in camera session is permitted.

Before we head into closed session in an adjacent committee room, we clear all other items from the evening’s agenda.

Most of the public remains seated.

We have a long discussion in camera – about 45 minutes.

When we return to the Council Chambers a significant portion of the public has remained.

Clerk Melissa Belmonte reports:

“As you are aware a closed meeting was held. The only item considered was a matter respecting the acquisition of property. There is nothing further to report.” 

Mayor Martin takes charge.

“As far as the staff report, do I have a motion,” asks the Mayor?

“Receive and file,” shouts Councillor Wright.

“All in favour?”

“Carried.”

“Motion to adjourn?”

“So moved.”

And, so, abruptly the proceedings are finished.  It is 11:15 p.m.  We should all go home.
But many citizens linger outside the Council Chambers chatting.

“What just happened Councillor,” I’m asked as I leave the Council Chambers?  “What was decided?”

“I’m sorry but I can’t tell you what went on in the in-camera session,” I respond meekly.

Councillors can’t talk about matters discussed in camera that remain confidential.  This, of course, is somewhat at odds with the duty of Council to ensure the accountability and transparency of the operations of the municipality.

 “OK, but what does receive and file mean?  Has the park been sold or what?”

It is a reasonable question.  But what is the appropriate answer?

“Hmm.  It means Council received the information contained in the staff report and didn’t act on it tonight and may or may not act on it in the future.  I’m not sure if that is helpful.”

Developer J.P Gormley

As one of the citizens begins to formulate another question J.P Gormley, his senior planner, associate planner and other subordinates pass the group on the way out of the building.

They look pleased.

-----

A Positive Step Towards Reconciliation in British Columbia

This past June Romeo Saganash’s Bill (Bill C-262) was killed in the Senate by Conservative opposition.

At the time Saganash said he was “devastated.”

Former MP Romeo Saganash

He will undoubtedly be encouraged that Bill 41 was recently introduced in the British Columbia Legislature. This bill has the same intent as Saganash’s one.

Specifically, Bill 41 requires the B.C. government to take all measures necessary to ensure the laws of British Columbia are consistent with the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP).

It will also ensure that an action plan be prepared and implemented to achieve the objectives of the Declaration.

In the Explanatory Note to the bill it is noted that “the minister must report annually on the progress that has been made towards implementing the necessary measures and achieving the goals in the action plan.”

The Bill also provides for agreements to be entered into with Indigenous governing bodies.  That includes agreements relating to the exercise of a statutory power of decision.

Toronto Star Columnist Tanya Talaga does a good job of showing how important this legislation is for B.C and the country as a whole at https://torontostar.pressreader.com/toronto-star/20191029

The full text of the Bill can be found at https://www.leg.bc.ca/parliamentary-business/legislation-debates-proceedings/41st-parliament/4th-session/bills/first-reading/gov41-1

The Bill should pass, Ms. Talaga notes, as it was introduced by the government and the Green Party, which holds the balance of power, supported the idea in the 2017 election.

Calls to Action

Saganash, who, following two terms with the NDP did not run running for re-election in this fall’s election.  Saganash was one of the original architects of the Declaration.  He spent 23 years helping to draft it before it was adopted in 2007 by the UN General Assembly.

While Conservative Party Senators and MPs expressed fears of economic and legal consequences if Canada were to align its laws with UNDRIP, the Liberals apparently promised during the recent election campaign to legislate UNDRIP if re-elected in the fall.

The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples is a global human rights instrument which sets out minimum standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of Indigenous peoples around the world.

In its  2015 report, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada called upon the federal, provincial, territorial, and municipal governments to fully adopt and implement the UNDRIP as the framework for reconciliation.

That’s written in Call to Action #43.  Call to Action #44 asks for the Government of Canada to develop a national action plan, strategies, and other concrete measures to achieve the goals of the Declaration.

Grandpa Tells us about Politics

It is one of those hot, lazy August days at the cottage.  Grandpa has his nose in a book of Canadianisms* - words and expressions from the past.  Later that day over a cocktail, his memory enhanced, Grandpa takes it upon himself to explain an important time in Canadian history - the summer of 2002.

-------------------------

Kids today spend too much time playing video games and not enough time learning about their country’s past. Well kids the summer of 2002 was a crazy time in Canadian politics.  So, I’m going to tell you about it.

I am older than footprints and I thought the day I saw buzzards saying grace before meals was the day that I’d call the Liberals fiscally responsible.  But in 1993 this guy Paul Martin comes along and not only balances the books but has money left over.

Our Prime Minister back then was a fella from Shawinigan Quebec named Jean Chretien.  He’d been around since hell was a grass fire and he believed that Martin was about as slippery as a walrus on an ice flow.  Early in the summer he sacks him.

This leaves the country all up in the air – like a dog between two trees.  Throughout June and July, the public is hung up by the tongue of the garrulous media who, in their wisdom, tell us that the country now needs Chretien about as much as a kangaroo needs a purse.

One thing everyone had to admit about Jean Chretien was that he was quick on his skates.  He realizes that this chances of succeeding at the February leadership review were slim and none and slim was visiting Alberta.

Overnight Chretien concocts a plan that could sneak sunrise past a rooster – or
Paul Martin anyway.  He will retire, but he’ll do it in his own time – more than 18 months down the road.  Well now, that made the cheese more binding. (1)

Now Martin comes out the next day looking like he’d spent the night on a clothesline. (2)   This millionaire son of a politician clearly doesn’t know whether to swallow his watch or wind his food.

Martin declares the PM a great leader.  That was just too much candy for the penny (3)  - if anyone had asked me.

There is no need to connect the dots on this one.  Martin had a problem – a leadership race that’s going to go on longer than the time served by several Prime Ministers.

He has one thing going for him though.  His rivals aren’t so reckless that they will get off the ladder before they reach the ground.  Besides too much competition for the top spot might see them kicking stones down the road.(4)

Anyway you look at it; Martin’s big victory party was a long way off.  His supporters were well advised to put the big pot in the little pot and boil the dishrag. (5)  The little guy from Shawinigan wasn’t done yet. 

                  Notes 

1. An interesting turn of events.

2. A Quebec expression indicating a hard night had been had.

3. A metaphor from the penny candy store era

4. An Ottawa Valley expression that counsels good behaviour when work is scarce.

5. A sarcastic expression from the Depression.  There will be no party tonight.

------------------

*Dunnville author Bill Casselman’s book Canadian Sayings, 1000 Folk Sayings used by Canadians (McArthur and Company – Toronto 2002) has inspired Grandpa and this writer.

Panel Discussion Rescheduled

Today I received this note from the note from OPSEU Local 240 Political Action Committee regarding their event “Unpacking the People's Party of Canada and Resisting the Far Right” scheduled for September 29th.  It seems that excessive security fees are inhibiting free speech in Hamilton Ontario.

--------------

The Local 240 Political Action Committee sincerely regrets having to cancel our panel discussion for this Sunday, September 29, and to re-schedule it for Tuesday, October 8.

Today Mohawk College indicated that we would have to pay $4,000 in extra security costs due to our event taking place at the same time as the Maxime Bernier and Dave Rubin event.

We have expressed our concern to Mohawk that, while safety at events is important, it is also the case that charging excessive security fees effectively stifles free speech on College and University campuses.

We would like to thank all of our community partners and event participants for being flexible and available for a re-scheduled event.  We hope that the October 8 panel and discussion will provide important analysis and fuel for effective community organizing.  We also hope that anyone planning to attend the panel this Sunday will come to the re-scheduled event.


As an Alternative to the Panel Discussion

As for what to do this Sunday evening in place of the panel discussion, we would suggest peacefully attending the protest that is taking place at Mohawk from 5:30pm to 7:00 pm.

As faculty we value freedom of speech, and protesting is an important way to express this right.

Take care, be safe, and solidarity with all those working to resist the far right...

Unpacking the People's Party of Canada and Resisting the Far Right

Amid controversy, Mohawk College is hosting People’s Party of Canada leader Maxime Bernier and infamous alt-right personality Dave Rubin this Sunday.

In response in order to inform public debate, the OPSEU Local 240 Political Action Committee are hosting a panel presentation and facilitated discussion.

The panel will address the far-right agenda behind the People's Party of Canada (PPC) and its relation to islamophobia, climate change denial and corporate interests. The panel will also address the need to confront and resist the rise of the far right, both in Hamilton and across Canada.

The OPSEU event runs

Sunday, September 29th, 6:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m.

Mohawk College Fennell Campus, room C 233

Speakers will include:

Kevin MacKay

**Kevin MacKay (Liberal Studies professor, Mohawk College)
Just What 'People' Does the People's Party of Canada Represent?
**Tina Fetner (Sociology professor, McMaster University)
**Arun Jacob (Liberal Studies professor, Mohawk College) Populism and the Far Right

Basic Income Pilot Cancelled One Year Ago Today

"What I'm announcing today is about restoring dignity to Ontarians.”

That’s Minister Lisa MacLeod  (right) speaking on July 31, 2018 while axing Ontario’s Basic Income Pilot Project (BI).

On that day, mere minutes ahead of that edict, I had an inkling from reading social media posts what was coming.   

I’d picked it up on a live stream feed shortly after 2:00 p.m. In less than five minutes Basic Income was done.

BI was a three-year pilot intended to test this idea:  Can appropriate financial support programs be delivered efficiently while improving health, employment, and housing outcomes?

The concept of Basic Income goes back at least 500 hundred years. A basic income program ran in Dauphin Manitoba from 1974-79.  When the Ontario pilot was set up in 2017 it was one of the largest in the world.  It has been attracting international attention.

How could the government know that the Pilot was not doing what it is intended to do before any data had been collected, the Minister was asked? 

“Here’s the situation," said the Minister dodging the question.  “We have seen the program isn’t doing what it is supposed to do.” 

What about the recipients? 

We will end it “ethically,” the Minister boasted.

That’s the Minister’s story.  A narrative that fits her government’s agenda but is out of sync with the stories of BI recipients.

Hearing from participants we learn that BI gave them the opportunity to plan their lives.  Prior to the pilot project, poverty and the restrictive bureaucratic rules that came with it precluded having a life plan. 

Participants are fighting back by putting their stories out there.

Jesse Golem is leading the way.  She is a photographer, a writer and a Basic Income recipient. When the program was cancelled, she “needed to do something” so she created a photo series called Humans of Basic Income (@HumansBasic) as a way to tell the stories of those who had been participating in the project. 

Some snapshots from the photos:

I can finally buy Christmas Presents for my Children

It has given me a Chance to Recover My Future

Now I have the Dignity to go back to School

Helps me Stay Healthy

I Felt Human Again

I’m a late convert to BI. I’d always thought that we should live in a society where everyone has decent housing; where people are able to earn an adequate income and, if for whatever reason, they aren’t able to provide for themselves, there will be a safety net that takes care of them. 

But I was naive. Others have been too. Why do we trust these in-the-dark politicians who can’t countenance pilot projects, especially other people’s pilot projects?  So, when the government changed…well, we should have seen it coming.  That is what happened with Mincome in Manitoba nearly forty years ago.

We’ve got no data but the stories tell us that such programs have value; changing lives in ways that decision makers can’t or won’t understand.

Let’s keep getting their stories out there.

Cuts to Ontario Legal Aid Clinics - By the Numbers*

23                            

The percentage increase in certificates issued by LAO  from 2013-14 to 2017-18.           (Auditor General’s 2018 Report, p. 259 and 260.)

12                  

The percentage increase in active community legal clinic  files from 2012-13 to 2016-17 (Auditor General’s 2018 Report p.260)

$495,000,000          

LAO’s revenues in 2018-19 (source: Legal Aid Ontario)                                

$371,000,000           

Amount of LAO funding that comes from the provincial government based on the Auditor General’s 2018 report stating that 75% of 2017-18 funding came from the  province. [Auditor General’s 2018 Report p. 258]

$133,000,000           

Amount to be cut in current year a 36% reduction based on $371M of provincial funding. (Ontario Budget)

$164,000.000          

Amount to be cut by 2021-22, a 44% reduction. (Ontario Budget)

$2,088,000,000

Ministry of Attorney General Budget in 2018-19 (Ontario Budget,  p284)

$1,934,000,000       

Ministry of Attorney General budget for 2019-20 a 7% reduction. Ontario Budget, p284)

86                                

Percentage of Cuts coming from Legal Aid Ontario as a percentage of cuts to the Ministry of the Attorney General - a reduction of $154M this year and $133M of that is coming from cuts to Legal Aid.

$17,731                     

Maximum Income to qualify for Legal Aid Services in Ontario for a single person. The corresponding figure for a family of three is $37,194. (Legal Aid Ontario Website)

*Adapted from https://stoplegalaidcuts.nationbuilder.com/ This website was created by  www.itrapidsupport.com for North Peel and Dufferin  Community Legal Services.

 

You can Fight those Predatory Lenders at City Hall

In 2017, new provincial legislation in Ontario gave municipalities more power to regulate predatory loan businesses.  The new rules allowed local governments to take leadership where senior levels of government have faltered.  Here is what one municipality did.

Hamilton Steps Up

The City of Hamilton had a population of 536,917 in 2016. Hamilton bills itself as “the best place to raise a child and age successfully.”  Community advocates have long been concerned about the economic violence inflicted by predatory lenders on individuals, families and the community as a whole. 

Tom Cooper, Director of the Hamilton Roundtable for Poverty Reduction, was one such advocate. 

Tom Cooper 

“Profiteering is a derogatory term applied to those in business who make profits through methods that, while not illegal, could certainly be considered unethical,” says Cooper.  “Payday lenders sure seem to fit the description of profiteers.”

  

In 2015 Cooper decided to try to shine a bright light on the industry in Hamilton.

Cooper began to work with city council and particularly Councillor Matthew Green whose downtown Ward was home to many payday loan businesses.  In fact, Green calls the targeting of inner city neighbourhoods by the payday loan industry “pernicious.” 

“We had more payday loaners in some kilometres than Tim Hortons,” Green told local media in 2015.  Estimates of the numbers operating in Hamilton were as high as 35.  

Cooper and Green worked together to bring in the province’s first municipal licensing of payday loan outlets in Hamilton. That meant these lenders were required to provide city sanctioned information on credit counselling to anybody coming in their doors.  The new licensing required lenders to display large posters that contrasted the actual interest rates of a payday loans with the interest rates of chartered bank loans. They also had to pay a licensing fee. 

But more was needed. Cooper and Green strategized. Then, early in 2018, Green brought forward a motion to restrict these businesses to 15 in total (one per ward) but grandfathered existing locations.  He received strong support from council colleagues.

The by-law was amended.

https://www.thespec.com/news-story/8044206-new-bylaw-to-cap-payday-lenders-at-15-in-hamilton/

Here is what it said. 

The Hamilton By-law in a Nutshell

Licensing

• Every payday loan business shall hold the applicable current and valid licence. Before a licence is issued, every applicant shall submit: 

(a) a current and valid licence as a lender or loan broker under the Payday Loans Act. 

(b) accurate, scale representations of the posters that will be displayed.  

(c) the credit counselling information that will be given. 

• No new payday loan business shall be issued a licence for a location where payday loan businesses were located when the by-law was passed. 

• No more than15 payday loan business licenses shall be issued and no more than one payday loan business licence shall be issued per ward.

Rates Poster

Every payday loan business shall display a poster at each office, approved in advance by the Issuer of Licences. The poster shall be in English and visible to any person immediately upon entering the office.

The poster must be a minimum size of 61 centimetres in width by 91 centimeters in length; and must lay out the amount of the payday loan business’s annual interest rate and rates of chartered banks. 

Credit Counselling Poster and Information

A Credit Counselling Poster must be displayed that lists specific contacts with their respective telephone number and email addresses.

Every business shall ensure that each person who attends at its offices is given, immediately upon him or her expressing an interest in a loan, approved credit counselling information.

Here is the bylaw in full https://d3fpllf1m7bbt3.cloudfront.net/sites/default/files/media/browser/2018-03-02/18-042-as-amended.pdf

What You Can Do?

• Consider contacting a member of your local city or town council. Ask them to initiate a similar bylaw in your town.  

• Advocate for alternatives.  For example, the Hamilton Community Legal Clinic has called for a return to postal banking where basic financial services, like credit, could be available without exorbitant fees charged by payday loan companies at the Post Office.

Found in the Sherbrooke Fusilier War Diaries *

(This piece originally adapted from the Sherbrooke Fusilier War Diaries originally appeared in The Dream The Glory and the Strife edited by Raymond Fenech - 2018 Hidden Brook Press.) 

                

June 4-6 1944                                              

                                                                                     

High winds and low clouds stall D-Day 24 hours.          

In spite of the wind the flotilla sails southward                        

all night via charted channel waters. Men ruminate     

over what awaits on shore then land is sighted             

at 1000 hrs off Berniere-Sur-Mere. Craft start                        

the run in to the beach, men quite calm                        

sitting on top of their vehicles watch the shore.   

The Regiment lands, moves forward, no casualties                  

but next day German tanks make a first appearance,  

force the CDN infantry to retire with 63 killed,              

wounded or missing. Later, ready to move on                

a half hour notice, the sun sets amidst black                          

banks of clouds leaving a dirty red smudgy sky             

with the boom of distant gunfire broken                        

by the sharper rattle of nearby machine guns.

Everything seems ominous. Everyone is on alert.          

                                                                                   

July 18, 1944                                         

      

                                                                                     

The shadow of death passes over Headquarters. 

In minutes, 21 cm mortars take thirty-one lives. Heavier casualties than a normal day’s fighting.            

                                                                                                              

August 25, 1944                                           

                                                                                     

An extensive map issue arrives showing vast

distances and fabulous advances imagined by HQ.

Startling indeed, as those left from D-Day recall

the slow, difficult struggle for CAEN and the

devastating exploitation and FALAISE assault.

Two days later considerable friction develops                 

among all command levels. Little is accomplished         

due to the lack of appreciation by the Infantry              

of issues arising using armour in country where

dense woods greatly limit the traversing of guns.

                                                                                     

 September 1944 – May 1945                                                                                                                                                                     

A few men who were through the thickest fighting                  

are a little jittery yet but doing well and should            

soon be over it as the Regiment fights on in NWE. 

*Nearly 150,000 Allied troops landed or parachuted into the invasion area on D-Day, including 14,000 Canadians at Juno Beach. My father was one of the men who landed that day.

The Royal Canadian Navy contributed 110 ships and 10,000 sailors and the RCAF contributed 15 fighter and fighter-bomber squadrons to the assault. Total Allied casualties on D-Day reached more than 10,000, including 1,074 Canadians, of whom 359 were killed. By the end of the Battle of Normandy, the Allies had suffered 209,000 casualties, including more than 18,700 Canadians. Over 5,000 Canadian soldiers died. (From the Canadian Encyclopedia.)